Islamic Studies (Islamiyat) is a compulsory subject in virtually all PPSC, FPSC, NTS, and CSS competitive examinations in Pakistan. It typically carries 10 to 20 marks and covers topics including the Holy Quran, Hadith, Seerah (life of the Prophet ﷺ), Islamic history, pillars of Islam, and basic fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence).
This carefully compiled set of 100 Islamiyat MCQs is drawn from verified past papers of PPSC, FPSC, NTS, CSS, and other Pakistani competitive exams from 2015 to 2025. Each question includes a detailed explanation to help you understand the concept, not just memorize the answer.
How to Prepare Islamiyat for Competitive Exams
The most effective approach is to focus on three areas: basic facts about the Quran (number of Surahs, Paras, verses, longest/shortest Surahs), Seerah of the Prophet ﷺ (dates of birth, first revelation, Hijra, important battles), and Islamic history (Khulafa-e-Rashideen, Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates). Questions from these three areas make up approximately 70% of all Islamiyat MCQs in Pakistani exams.
Islamiyat Practice Test — 100 MCQs
Read each question carefully and select the best answer. Click "Show My Result" at the end to see your score and detailed explanations.
📝 Interactive Practice Test (100 MCQs)
Exp: The Holy Quran contains 114 Surahs, 30 Paras, and approximately 6,666 verses (Ayaat). The word "Quran" means "that which is recited."
Exp: Surah Al-Baqarah is the longest Surah with 286 verses. It is also called "Sanam ul Quran" (peak of the Quran). Surah Al-Kausar (Ch. 108) is the shortest with only 3 verses.
Exp: Surah Al-Kausar (Chapter 108) is the shortest Surah with only 3 verses. It was revealed in Mecca. "Al-Kausar" means "abundance" — referring to a river in Paradise.
Exp: The Holy Quran is divided into 30 Paras (Juz/Parts) for ease of recitation, particularly during Ramadan. Completing one Para per day, the entire Quran can be recited in 30 days.
Exp: Surah Al-Fatiha is the first Surah of the Quran. It is called "Ummul Kitab" (Mother of the Book), "Ummul Quran," and "As-Sab'ul Mathani" (the seven often-repeated verses).
Exp: The first verses revealed were the first 5 verses of Surah Al-Alaq (Chapter 96): "Read in the name of your Lord who created." They were revealed in the Cave of Hira in the month of Ramadan.
Exp: Surah An-Nasr (Chapter 110) is generally considered the last complete Surah to be revealed. The last verse revealed was Ayah 281 of Surah Al-Baqarah: "And fear the Day when you will be returned to Allah."
Exp: According to Hadith (Bukhari), Surah Al-Ikhlas is equivalent in reward to one-third of the Quran, because it describes the concept of Tawheed (oneness of Allah) which is one of the fundamental themes of the Quran.
Exp: There are 86 Makki Surahs (revealed before Hijra in Mecca) and 28 Madani Surahs (revealed after Hijra in Medina). Makki Surahs generally focus on Tawheed, faith, and the Hereafter.
Exp: Ayat ul Kursi is verse 255 of Surah Al-Baqarah. It is considered the greatest verse of the Quran. The Prophet ﷺ said whoever recites it after every prayer, only death prevents them from entering Paradise.
Exp: The Holy Quran was revealed over approximately 23 years — from 610 CE (first revelation in Mecca) to 632 CE (last revelation, shortly before the Prophet's death ﷺ).
Exp: 25 prophets are mentioned by name in the Holy Quran. Islamic tradition holds that Allah sent 124,000 prophets in total, of whom 313 were messengers (Rasool) given a new Sharia.
Exp: Prophet Muhammad ﷺ himself was the first Hafiz-e-Quran, as he memorized every verse as it was revealed through Jibreel (AS). Among companions, many Sahabah were Huffaz including Abdullah ibn Masud (RA).
Exp: The Quran was first compiled into a single manuscript (Mushaf) during the caliphate of Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) after the Battle of Yamama (633 CE), at the suggestion of Hazrat Umar (RA). Hazrat Zaid ibn Thabit (RA) led the compilation.
Exp: Hazrat Usman (RA) had multiple standardized copies of the Quran made and distributed to major Islamic cities. This version is called the "Uthmanic Codex." Other varying manuscripts were destroyed to prevent disputes.
Exp: Surah Ya-Sin (Chapter 36) is called "the heart of the Quran" according to Hadith. It is commonly recited for the dying and deceased. Surah Al-Fatiha is called "Ummul Quran."
Exp: Surah At-Tawbah (Chapter 9, also called Surah Bara'ah) is the only Surah that does not begin with "Bismillah ir-Rahman ir-Raheem." Scholars say this is because it begins with a declaration of disavowal.
Exp: The word "Quran" appears 57 times in the Holy Quran. The word "Allah" appears more than 2,600 times, making it the most frequently mentioned name in the Quran.
Exp: Jibreel (Gabriel, AS) is the angel of revelation who brought the Quran to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. Mikael (AS) controls rain and sustenance. Israfeel (AS) will blow the trumpet on Judgment Day. Izraeel (AS) is the angel of death.
Exp: Surah Al-Isra (Chapter 17, verse 78) contains the command for Salah at specific times: "Establish prayer at the decline of the sun until the darkness of the night and the Quran at dawn." The Miraj (Night Journey) during which 5 prayers were made obligatory is described in this Surah.
Exp: Surah Al-Fatiha is recited in every Rakaat of Salah (prayer). The Prophet ﷺ said: "There is no prayer for the one who does not recite Al-Fatiha" (Bukhari). It is also called "As-Salah" (the Prayer).
Exp: "Bismillah ir-Rahman ir-Raheem" appears 114 times in the Quran — once at the beginning of each Surah (113 times as the opening), plus once in the middle of Surah An-Naml (27:30) in the letter of Prophet Sulaiman (AS) to Queen Bilqis.
Exp: Laylat al-Qadr (Night of Power/Decree) is in the month of Ramadan, most likely in the odd nights of the last 10 days (21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th, or 29th). The Quran says it is "better than a thousand months" (Surah Al-Qadr).
Exp: Surah Yusuf (Chapter 12) contains the complete story of Prophet Yusuf (Joseph, AS). The Quran calls it "Ahsan al-Qasas" — the best of stories. It covers his life from childhood to becoming the treasurer of Egypt.
Exp: Six Surahs begin with "Alif Lam Meem": Al-Baqarah (2), Al-Imran (3), Al-Ankabut (29), Ar-Rum (30), Luqman (31), and As-Sajdah (32). These are called "Muqatta'at" — disconnected letters whose full meaning is known only to Allah.
Exp: Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was born on 12 Rabi-ul-Awwal (570 CE / Year of the Elephant) in Mecca, Arabia. His birth year is called "Aam ul Feel" because Abraha's army with elephants attacked the Kaaba that year and was destroyed by birds (Surah Al-Feel).
Exp: The father of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was Hazrat Abdullah ibn Abdul Muttalib. He passed away before the Prophet's birth (around 6 months before). His grandfather was Abdul Muttalib, and his uncle was Abu Talib who raised him after his mother's death.
Exp: The Prophet's ﷺ mother was Hazrat Aminah bint Wahb. She passed away when he was about 6 years old at a place called Abwa. Halima Sa'diyya was his foster mother (wet nurse) who nursed him in his infancy among the Banu Sa'd tribe.
Exp: Prophet Muhammad ﷺ received the first revelation at the age of 40, in the Cave of Hira (Ghar-e-Hira) on Jabal an-Nour (Mountain of Light) in Mecca, during the month of Ramadan (610 CE).
Exp: Hazrat Khadija bint Khuwaylid (RA) was the first wife of the Prophet ﷺ. She was 40 years old when they married and the Prophet was 25. She was the first person to accept Islam. She passed away in 619 CE, the year called "Aam ul Huzn" (Year of Grief).
Exp: Hazrat Khadija (RA) was the first person to accept Islam among adults. Hazrat Ali (RA) was the first child to accept Islam. Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) was the first free adult male outside the Prophet's household to accept Islam.
Exp: The Hijra took place in 622 CE. This migration marks the beginning of the Islamic (Hijri) calendar. Prophet Muhammad ﷺ migrated with Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA), hiding in the Cave of Thawr for 3 days before reaching Medina (then called Yathrib).
Exp: Ghazwa-e-Badr (Battle of Badr) took place on 17 Ramadan, 2 AH (624 CE). It was the first major battle of Islam. 313 Muslims defeated over 1,000 Quraysh fighters. 14 Muslims and 70 Quraysh were killed, and 70 Quraysh were taken prisoner.
Exp: Ghazwa-e-Uhud (Battle of Uhud) took place in 3 AH (625 CE) near the mountain of Uhud, just outside Medina. 70 Muslims were martyred, including Hazrat Hamza (RA), the uncle of the Prophet ﷺ. The Muslim archers disobeyed orders, leading to partial defeat.
Exp: Ghazwa-e-Khandaq (Battle of the Trench/Ahzab) took place in 5 AH (627 CE). It was the idea of Hazrat Salman Farsi (RA) to dig a trench around Medina. The Quraysh and their allies (10,000 men) could not cross the trench and withdrew after about 27 days.
Exp: The Conquest of Mecca (Fateh Mecca) took place on 20 Ramadan, 8 AH (630 CE). The Prophet ﷺ entered Mecca with 10,000 companions. The Quraysh largely submitted without battle. The idols in and around the Kaaba were destroyed. Abu Sufyan (RA) embraced Islam before the conquest.
Exp: The Prophet ﷺ delivered the Farewell Sermon (Khutba Hajjat ul Wida) during his only Hajj in 10 AH (632 CE) on the plain of Arafat. He declared the completion of religion: "Today I have perfected for you your religion." He passed away about 3 months later.
Exp: Prophet Muhammad ﷺ passed away on 12 Rabi-ul-Awwal, 11 AH (8 June 632 CE) in Medina, in the house of Hazrat Aisha (RA). He was 63 years old. He is buried in the Prophet's Mosque in Medina.
Exp: Even before prophethood, the people of Mecca called him "Al-Sadiq" (The Truthful) and "Al-Amin" (The Trustworthy) due to his impeccable character. These titles were given to him by the Quraysh themselves.
Exp: Surah Al-Isra (Chapter 17) begins with the description of Isra (Night Journey from Mecca to Jerusalem). The Miraj (ascension from Jerusalem to heavens) is described in Surah An-Najm (53). During Miraj, 5 daily prayers were made obligatory.
Exp: Prophet Muhammad ﷺ had 11 wives in total. His first wife was Hazrat Khadija (RA) with whom he lived monogamously for 25 years. After her death, he married others. At the time of his death, he had 9 wives. They are called "Ummahat ul Momineen" (Mothers of the Believers).
Exp: Hazrat Aisha bint Abu Bakr (RA) was the most beloved wife of the Prophet ﷺ after Hazrat Khadija (RA). The Prophet ﷺ passed away in her lap. She narrated over 2,200 Hadiths and became a major source of Islamic knowledge after his death.
Exp: The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah was signed in 6 AH (628 CE). Though it appeared unfavorable initially, the Quran called it "a manifest victory" (Surah Al-Fath). It allowed Muslims to perform Umrah the following year and led to widespread conversion to Islam.
Exp: The Battle of Hunain took place in 8 AH, shortly after the Conquest of Mecca (also 8 AH). The Hawazin tribe attacked the Muslim army. Despite initial retreat, Muslims won decisively. It is mentioned in Surah At-Tawbah.
Exp: Masjid al-Quba in Medina was the first mosque built by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ upon arriving in Medina after Hijra. Praying 2 Rak'aat here is equivalent in reward to performing one Umrah, according to Hadith.
Exp: Hazrat Bilal ibn Rabah (RA) was appointed as the first Muezzin of Islam by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. He was an Abyssinian slave who had been severely tortured for accepting Islam before being freed by Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA).
Exp: Prophet Muhammad ﷺ had 4 daughters, all from Hazrat Khadija (RA): Zainab, Ruqayyah, Umm Kulthum, and Fatima (RA). Hazrat Fatima (RA) was his youngest and most beloved daughter, who married Hazrat Ali (RA).
Exp: Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) accompanied Prophet Muhammad ﷺ during the Hijra (migration to Medina). They hid for 3 nights in the Cave of Thawr. This companionship is mentioned in the Quran (9:40): "the second of the two when they were in the cave."
Exp: The splitting of the moon (Shaq-ul-Qamar) is a miracle of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. It is mentioned in Surah Al-Qamar (Chapter 54): "The Hour has come near, and the moon has split." The Quraysh demanded a miracle and the moon split in two before their eyes.
Exp: The Charter of Medina (Mithaq-e-Medina) was established in 1 AH (622 CE) shortly after the Hijra. It was a formal agreement between Muslims, Jews, and other tribes of Medina, establishing rights and responsibilities. It is considered the world's first written constitution.
Exp: Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq (RA) was the first Caliph (632–634 CE). He suppressed apostasy (Riddah Wars), completed the conquest of Arabia, and began the compilation of the Quran. He died after only 2 years in office.
Exp: Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA) was the second Caliph (634–644 CE). Under his leadership, Islam expanded to Persia, Syria, Egypt, and Jerusalem. He established the Hijri calendar and introduced many administrative reforms. He was martyred by a Persian slave Abu Lu'lu'a.
Exp: Hazrat Usman ibn Affan (RA) was the third Caliph (644–656 CE). He is known as "Dhul Nurayn" (possessor of two lights) because he married two daughters of the Prophet ﷺ. He standardized the Quran. He was martyred in his home while reciting the Quran.
Exp: Hazrat Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA) was the fourth Caliph (656–661 CE). He was the cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet ﷺ (married to Hazrat Fatima). His caliphate was troubled by internal conflicts. He was martyred in the mosque of Kufa.
Exp: Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan founded the Umayyad Caliphate in 661 CE, making Damascus his capital. The Umayyad dynasty ruled until 750 CE. At its height, it was one of the largest empires in history, stretching from Spain to Central Asia.
Exp: The Battle of Karbala took place on 10 Muharram, 61 AH (680 CE) in Karbala, Iraq. Hazrat Husain ibn Ali (RA), the grandson of the Prophet ﷺ, was martyred along with 72 companions by the forces of Yazid ibn Muawiyah. 10 Muharram is observed as Ashura.
Exp: The Abbasid Caliphate was established in 750 CE when Abu al-Abbas as-Saffah overthrew the Umayyad dynasty. The capital was moved to Baghdad. The Abbasid Caliphate lasted until 1258 CE when the Mongols under Hulagu Khan sacked Baghdad.
Exp: Imam Abu Hanifa (699–767 CE) was the founder of the Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh). The Hanafi school is the most widely followed in the world today, dominant in Pakistan, Turkey, Central Asia, and South Asia.
Exp: Muhammad bin Qasim conquered Sindh in 711 CE at the age of just 17. He defeated Raja Dahir and brought Islam to the Indian subcontinent. This is why he is sometimes called the first Muslim conqueror of South Asia. He was sent by Hajjaj bin Yusuf, governor of Iraq.
Exp: Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni invaded India 17 times between 1000 and 1027 CE. His most famous raid was on the Somnath Temple in Gujarat (1025 CE). He was the first Muslim ruler to use the title "Sultan."
Exp: Hazrat Umar (RA) was stabbed by Abu Lu'lu'a Firuz, a Persian slave, on 26 Dhul Hijjah, 23 AH (644 CE), while leading the Fajr prayer. He died 3 days later and was buried next to the Prophet ﷺ in Masjid al-Nabawi.
Exp: Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) received the title "As-Siddiq" (The Truthful/The Confirmer) when he immediately believed in the Prophet's ﷺ Night Journey (Isra wa Miraj) without any hesitation, when others doubted it.
Exp: Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA) was given the title "Al-Farooq" by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ because he could distinguish between right and wrong with exceptional clarity and justice. He was known for his strict but just administration.
Exp: Hazrat Usman ibn Affan (RA) received the title "Dhul Nurayn" (Possessor of Two Lights) because he married two daughters of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ — first Ruqayyah (RA), and after her death, Umm Kulthum (RA).
Exp: The Battle of the Camel (Waq'at al-Jamal) in 656 CE was the first civil war among Muslims. It took place near Basra between the forces of Hazrat Ali (RA) and those led by Hazrat Aisha (RA), Talha (RA), and Zubair (RA). Hazrat Ali (RA) won. Over 10,000 Muslims were killed.
Exp: Caliph Harun al-Rashid (786–809 CE) and his son Al-Mamun presided over the Golden Age of Islam. Science, medicine, philosophy, astronomy, and arts flourished. The "House of Wisdom" (Bayt al-Hikmah) in Baghdad was a center of learning for the world.
Exp: Babur (Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur) founded the Mughal Empire in 1526 CE after defeating Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat. He was a descendant of Timur (Tamerlane) from his father's side and Genghis Khan from his mother's side.
Exp: Aurangzeb Alamgir died on 3 March 1707 CE at the age of 88 in Ahmadnagar, Maharashtra. He was the 6th Mughal emperor (1658–1707). After his death, the Mughal Empire declined rapidly. He is buried in Khuldabad, Maharashtra.
Exp: Shah Waliullah Dehlavi (1703–1762 CE) was a great Islamic scholar of the 18th century who played a crucial role in the revival of Islam in the subcontinent. He translated the Quran into Persian and wrote many influential Islamic texts.
Exp: Sir Syed Ahmed Khan founded the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in Aligarh (1875), which later became Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) in 1920. It played a pivotal role in the intellectual development of Muslims in British India and the eventual creation of Pakistan.
Exp: The Five Pillars of Islam (Arkan-ul-Islam) are: 1) Shahada (declaration of faith), 2) Salat (5 daily prayers), 3) Zakat (obligatory charity), 4) Sawm (fasting in Ramadan), and 5) Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca for those who are able).
Exp: Muslims pray 5 times daily: Fajr (dawn), Zuhr (midday), Asar (afternoon), Maghrib (sunset), and Isha (night). The 5 daily prayers were made obligatory during the Miraj (Night Ascension) of the Prophet ﷺ.
Exp: Zakat is paid at the rate of 2.5% (1/40th) of total eligible wealth (nisab) that has been in one's possession for a complete lunar year. Ushr (agricultural produce) is paid at 5% or 10% depending on irrigation method.
Exp: Hajj is performed during the first 13 days of Dhul Hijjah (the 12th Islamic month). The main rituals are on 8th–13th Dhul Hijjah. Eid ul Adha is celebrated on 10th Dhul Hijjah, commemorating the sacrifice of Prophet Ibrahim (AS).
Exp: Fasting in Ramadan was made obligatory in 2 AH (624 CE) — the same year as the Battle of Badr. The command is in Surah Al-Baqarah (2:183): "O you who have believed, decreed upon you is fasting as it was decreed upon those before you."
Exp: The Shahada consists of 2 parts: 1) "La ilaha illa Allah" (There is no god but Allah) — declaration of Tawheed (monotheism), and 2) "Muhammadur Rasulullah" (Muhammad ﷺ is the messenger of Allah) — declaration of prophethood.
Exp: Qibla is the direction Muslims face during prayer — toward the Kaaba in Mecca. Initially, the Qibla was Jerusalem (Al-Quds), then it was changed to Mecca in 2 AH. Mihrab is the niche in a mosque indicating the direction of Qibla.
Exp: The Nisab for gold is 7.5 Tola (approximately 87.48 grams). The Nisab for silver is 52.5 Tola (approximately 612.36 grams). Zakat becomes obligatory when one possesses this amount for a complete lunar year.
Exp: Eid ul Fitr is celebrated on 1st Shawwal (the 10th Islamic month) after completing Ramadan. Eid ul Adha is celebrated on 10th Dhul Hijjah. Giving Sadaqah al-Fitr (Fitr charity) before Eid prayer is Wajib (obligatory).
Exp: The Adhan (call to prayer) was started in 1 AH (622 CE) after the Hijra, when Muslims gathered for prayer in Medina. The Prophet ﷺ consulted the companions, and Abdullah ibn Zayd (RA) had a dream about the Adhan's words. Hazrat Bilal (RA) was the first to call it.
Exp: Tarawih is a special night prayer (Sunnah) performed during the month of Ramadan after Isha prayer. It consists of 20 Rak'aat according to the Hanafi school (8 Rak'aat according to some others). The complete Quran is often recited during Tarawih over 30 nights.
Exp: Jumu'ah (Friday) prayer consists of 2 Farz Rak'aat (obligatory) that replace Zuhr. Additionally, 4 Sunnah before and 2 or 4 Sunnah after are recommended. Two Khutbahs (sermons) are delivered before the Farz prayer.
Exp: Jihad literally means "striving" or "struggling in the way of Allah." The greatest Jihad, according to Hadith, is "Jihad al-Nafs" — the struggle against one's own ego and desires. Military Jihad (Qital) is only one form and is subject to strict rules of engagement.
Exp: A valid Nikah requires at minimum: offer (Ijab) and acceptance (Qubool), Mahr (dowry), and two adult Muslim male witnesses (or one male and two female witnesses in some madhabs). The presence of a Wali (guardian) is also required for the bride in most schools of thought.
Exp: Ijma is the consensus of qualified Islamic scholars on a legal ruling. The four primary sources of Islamic law (Sharia) are: 1) Quran, 2) Sunnah (Hadith), 3) Ijma (consensus), and 4) Qiyas (analogical reasoning).
Exp: The Islamic (Hijri) calendar is a purely lunar calendar with 354 days (about 11 days shorter than the 365-day solar calendar). This is why Islamic events (Ramadan, Eid, Hajj) shift approximately 11 days earlier each solar year.
Exp: The four major Sunni schools of Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) are: Hanafi (founded by Imam Abu Hanifa), Maliki (Imam Malik), Shafi'i (Imam Shafi'i), and Hanbali (Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal). All four are considered valid. Pakistan primarily follows the Hanafi school.
Exp: The Ihram for male pilgrims consists of two pieces of unstitched white cloth — one wrapped around the waist (Izar) and one draped over the shoulder (Rida). It symbolizes equality and humility before Allah. Women wear their regular modest clothing as Ihram.
Exp: Tawaf is performed 7 times counter-clockwise (when facing the Kaaba, one moves to the right/anti-clockwise) around the Kaaba. It begins and ends at the Black Stone (Hajr al-Aswad). After Tawaf, 2 Rak'aat are prayed near Maqam Ibrahim.
Exp: Wuquf (standing) at the plain of Arafat on 9th Dhul Hijjah is the most important pillar of Hajj. The Prophet ﷺ said: "Hajj is Arafat." Without being at Arafat, Hajj is invalid. Umrah does not require Arafat — this is what distinguishes Hajj from Umrah.
Exp: The word "Salah" appears 67 times in the Holy Quran. The word "Zakat" appears 32 times. Salah and Zakat are mentioned together many times in the Quran, emphasizing their equal importance as foundational acts of worship.
Exp: Sa'i (7 times between Safa and Marwa hills) commemorates Hazrat Hajar's (RA) desperate search for water for her infant son Ismail (AS) in the desert. Allah then caused the ZamZam spring to flow. The Zamzam well is still flowing today near the Kaaba.
Exp: Qurbani (Udhiyya) commemorates Prophet Ibrahim's (AS) willingness to sacrifice his son Ismail (AS) in obedience to Allah's command. Allah replaced Ismail with a ram at the last moment. This is narrated in Surah As-Saffat (37:100-111). Qurbani is Wajib (near-obligatory) on those who meet the Nisab.
Exp: The 99 beautiful names of Allah are called "Asma ul Husna" (the Most Beautiful Names). The Prophet ﷺ said: "Allah has 99 names, and whoever memorizes and understands them will enter Paradise." (Bukhari). The first name is "Allah" and among others are Ar-Rahman, Ar-Raheem, Al-Malik, Al-Quddus.
Exp: Muamalat refers to the area of Islamic law governing social transactions and relations including commerce, finance, contracts, and civil matters. Ibadat covers acts of worship. Aqeedah covers beliefs and creed. Akhlaq covers Islamic ethics and character.
Exp: The Day of Arafat (Yawm-ul-Arafah) is 9th Dhul Hijjah. Fasting on this day (for non-pilgrims) expiates sins of the past year and the coming year (Hadith, Muslim). It is the most important day of Hajj when pilgrims stand in supplication on the plain of Arafat from noon to sunset.
Exp: Reading the Quran (without touching the physical Mushaf, according to some scholars) does not invalidate Wudu. Wudu is broken by: using the toilet, passing gas, deep sleep (where one loses consciousness), bleeding, vomiting (in some schools), and other conditions.
Exp: The companions who wrote down the Quranic revelations as they were received are called "Kuttab ul Wahy" (Scribes of Revelation). They included Hazrat Zaid ibn Thabit (RA), Hazrat Muawiyah (RA), Hazrat Ubayy ibn Ka'b (RA), and Hazrat Ali (RA) among others.
Exp: Sunnah refers to the sayings (Qawl), actions (Fi'l), and silent approvals (Taqreer) of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. It is the second primary source of Islamic law after the Quran. Hadith are the recorded narrations of the Sunnah.
Exp: Sahih Al-Bukhari (compiled by Imam Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Bukhari, 810–870 CE) is universally recognized as the most authentic collection of Hadith after the Quran. It contains 7,275 Hadiths (selected from 600,000) after strict verification. The "Kutub al-Sittah" (Six Books) are the six most authoritative Hadith collections.
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